Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti Biography

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti Biography

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti Biography:- The first and most influential leader of India’s struggle for independence, Subhash Chandra Bose was born on January 23, 1897, and died on August 18, 1945. He formed the Azad Hind Fauj with the assistance of Japan during World War II in order to fight against the British. 

He coined the phrase “Jai Hind,” which is now India’s national anthem. He also came up with the slogan “You give me blood, I will give you freedom,” which was very popular at the time. He is referred to as Netaji by Indians.

When the leader tried to get help from Japan and Germany in 1941, some historians believe that the British government ordered its spies to kill him. On July 5, 1943, Netaji told the army as the “Supreme Commander” in front of the Singapore town hall, “Come to Delhi!” gave the slogan to and fought fiercely in Imphal and Kohima with the Japanese army and the British and Commonwealth army, which included Burma.

As Supreme Commander of the Azad Hind Army, Bose established the Provisional Government of Independent India on October 21, 1943. He was recognized by the governments of 11 nations, including Germany, Japan, the Philippines, Korea, China, Italy, Manchukuo, and Ireland. This interim government received the Andaman and Nicobar Islands from Japan. Subhash renamed those islands while he was there.

The Azad Hind Fauj attacked the British once more in 1944, capturing some Indian territories from them. From April 4 to June 22, 1944, the Battle of Kohima was a bloody conflict. The Japanese army’s forced retreat during this conflict marked a turning point.

He sent Mahatma Gandhi a broadcast on July 6, 1944, from the Rangoon radio station, requesting his blessings and best wishes for victory in this decisive war. There is still a debate regarding Netaji’s passing. Although Subhash’s martyr’s day is observed annually on August 18 in Japan, his Indian family maintains that he did not pass away in 1945. After that, he was detained in Russia. If this is not the case, then the leader’s death-related documents have not yet been made available to the public by the Indian government. On Thursday, January 16, 2014, the Calcutta High Court ordered the formation of a special bench to hear a PIL requesting the declassification of intelligence documents regarding Netaji’s enigma. In 2018—the Azad Hind Government’s 75th anniversary—India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi raised the tricolor at the Red Fort for the first time in history. On January 23, 2021, Netaji’s 125th birthday, which was designated as Bravery Day by the Indian government, will be celebrated. On the Rajpath, now known as Duty Path, in New Delhi, a massive statue of Netaji was unveiled on September 8, 2022.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti Birth and family life 

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack, Odisha, on January 23, 1897, to a Hindu Kayastha family. His mother’s name was Prabhavati, and his father’s name was Janakinath Bose. Jankinath Bose was a well-known Cuttack city lawyer. He started his own practice after working as a government lawyer in the past. He served as a member of the Bengal Legislative Assembly and worked for a considerable amount of time in the Cuttack municipality. He was given the name Raibahadur by the British government. Ganganarayan Dutt was the name of Prabhavati Devi’s father. The Dutts were regarded as an aristocratic family in Kolkata. Six of Prabhavati and Jankinath Bose’s 14 children were daughters and eight were sons. Subhash was their fifth son and ninth child overall. Subhash was most in love with Sharad Chandra of his brothers. Sharadbabu was Prabhavati and Janakinath’s second son. He used to be called Mejda by Subhash. Vibhawati was the name of Sharadbabu’s wife.

Journey from Shiksha Diksha to ICS

In 1909, he enrolled at Ravenshaw Collegiate School after completing his primary education at the Protestant School in Cuttack. Subhash’s mind was positively influenced by Benimadhav Das, the college’s principal. Subhash completed a comprehensive Vivekananda literature course at the age of fifteen. Despite being ill, he passed the intermediate second-division exam in 1915. When he was a BA in Philosophy (Hons) student at Presidency College in 1916, there was a disagreement between the teachers and students. Subhash took over student leadership, which led to his expulsion from the college for a year and his failure to pass the exam. also banned. He took the exam to join the 49th Bengal Regiment, but he was told he wasn’t ready for the army because he couldn’t see well. He was admitted to the Scottish Church College by some means, but my mind was telling me to join the military. He took the Territorial Army exam in his spare time and was accepted as a recruit into the Fort William Army. After that, it occurred to me that, unlike in Intermediate, I might not receive low marks in BA. Subhash put in a lot of effort studying, and in 1919, he got a first-class degree in BA (Hons). He came in second place at Calcutta University.

Subhash’s father wanted him to become an ICS, but due to his age, he had to pass this exam in one sitting. In order for him to make a final determination regarding whether or not to take the exam, he asked his father to consider it for twenty-four hours. Because he wasn’t sure what to do, he stayed up all night. He finally made the decision to take the test, and on September 15, 1919, he left for England. Subhash somehow secured admission to Kits William Hall to study for the Tripas (Hons) examination in Mental and Moral Sciences despite not being accepted into any schools in London to prepare for the exam. They were able to live and eat again thanks to this. Taking admission recently was just a pretext; the real goal was to pass ICS. Therefore, he obtained a fourth place on the merit list when he passed in 1920.

Following this, Subhash wrote a letter to his older brother, Saratchandra Bose, requesting his opinion on whether or not the ideals of Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati and Maharishi Arvind Ghosh had occupied his heart and mind, causing him to wonder how he could become an ICS and enslave the British. Will it be yours? Written a letter of resignation to India Secretary ES Montague on April 22, 1921. wrote to Deshvandhu Chittaranjan Das in a letter. “Whatever the father, family members, or anyone else may say, he is proud of his son’s decision,” Prabhavati, his mother, wrote in the letter. In June 1921, Subhash received his Tripas (Hons) degree in mental and moral sciences upon his return home.

Entry and work in the freedom struggle 

Subhash wanted to work with Dasbabu because he was inspired by the work of Kolkata’s freedom fighter Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das. He wrote to Dasbabu from England, expressing his desire to collaborate with him. As exhorted by Rabindranath Tagore, on his re-visitation to India, he initially went to Mumbai and met Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi used to live in Mumbai’s Mani Bhavan. Gandhi and Subhash met for the first time there on July 20, 1921. He was advised by Gandhi to work with Dasbabu in Calcutta. Subhash then made his way to Kolkata, where he met Dasbabu.

Gandhi had begun the non-cooperation movement against the British government in those days. In Bengal, Dasbabu was leading this movement. Together with him, Subhash became a part of this movement. Dasbabu founded the Swaraj Party in 1922 under the Congress after Gandhi called off the non-cooperation movement following the Chauri Chaura incident on February 5, 1922. The Swaraj Party won the election for the Kolkata Municipal Corporation to oppose the British government from within the assembly, and Dasbabu became the Mayor of Kolkata. He appointed Subhash as the municipality’s chief executive. Subhash altered the Kolkata Municipal Corporation’s entire structure and method of operation during his tenure. All of Kolkata’s roads now bear Indian names instead of their English names. Names were called out. The struggle for freedom saw family members of those who had given their lives start to find work in the municipality.

Subhash rose quickly to prominence as a prominent youth leader in the nation. Subhash started the Youth Independence League under the Congress, along with Jawaharlal Nehru. In 1927, the Congress waved black flags in front of the Simon Commission when it visited India. In Kolkata, this movement was led by Subhash. In response to the Simon Commission, Congress appointed an eight-member commission to draft India’s future constitution. Subhash was a member of this commission, and Motilal Nehru was its chairman. The Nehru Report was presented by this commission. Motilal Nehru presided over the annual Congress session that took place in Kolkata in 1928. Subhash wore a khaki uniform to give Motilal Nehru a military salute in this custom. In those days, Gandhiji disagreed with the call for total independence. He had decided to ask the British government for Dominion status at this convention. However, Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Babu did not agree to give in to the call for total independence. In the end, it was decided that the British government should have one year to grant Dominion status. The Congress will demand complete Swaraj if the British government does not respond to this demand within a year. However, this request was not met by the British government. As a result, it was decided that January 26 would be observed as Independence Day in 1930 when the annual Congress session was held in Lahore under Jawaharlal Nehru’s leadership.

Subhash was leading a massive march in Kolkata on January 26, 1931, when the police lathi-charged him, injured him, and sent him to jail. He had been hoisting the national flag. Gandhi ji made a deal with the British government to free all of the prisoners while Subhash was in jail. However, the British government flatly refused to free Bhagat Singh and other revolutionaries. Gandhi ji made a soft plea to the government to postpone Bhagat Singh’s execution, but the truth is something else. Subhash wanted Gandhiji to break the deal on this issue that he had made with the British government. However, Gandhiji was unwilling to fulfill his promise. Bhagat Singh and his companions were hanged because the British government maintained its position steadfastly. Subhash became extremely enraged at Gandhi and Congress for their tactics after they failed to save Bhagat Singh.

Imprisonment 

In his public life, Subhash has been imprisoned a total of 11 times. On July 16, 1921, he was first imprisoned for six months.

Gopinath Saha, a revolutionary, planned to assassinate Kolkata’s Superintendent of Police Charles Tegart in 1925. Ernest Day, a businessman, was killed by accident. He was given the death penalty for this. After Gopinath was hanged, Subhash wept hard. He performed Gopinath’s final rites and requested his body. The British government came to the conclusion that Subhash inspires the burning revolutionaries in addition to having relationships with them. Subhash was detained by the British government under this pretext, and he was sent to Mandalay prison in Myanmar for an indefinite period of time without the possibility of a trial.

On November 5, 1925, Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das passed away in Kolkata. In Mandalay Jail, Subhash heard the news about his death on the radio. Subhash’s health deteriorated while he was in the Mandalay Jail. He contracted TB. However, the British government continued to deny his release. Before releasing him, the government demanded that he travel to Europe for treatment. However, the government did not specify a time frame for their return to India following treatment. Subhash refused to accept this condition for this reason. In the end, the situation got so bad that the jail staff started to worry that he might not die there. Even the possibility that Subhash would die in prison was not something the British government wanted to take on. This is why the government gave him away. Subhash then sought treatment at Dalhousie.

When Subhash was elected Kolkata mayor in 1930, he was still in prison. They had to be released by the government because of this. Subhash was detained once more in 1932. He was kept in Almora Jail this time. In Almora Jail, his health deteriorated once more. This time, doctors advised Subhash to travel to Europe for treatment.

Europe migration 

From 1933 to 1936, Subhash spent time in Europe. Subhash carried on with his work in Europe while taking care of his health. He met Mussolini, the leader of Italy, who promised to assist him in India’s struggle for freedom. Subhash grew close to the leader of Ireland, De Valera. During the time that Subhash was in Europe, Jawaharlal Nehru’s wife Kamala Nehru passed away in Austria. Jawaharlal Nehru was consoled by Subhash when he went there.

Subhash later went to Europe to meet Vithalbhai Patel. Subhash talked about what became known as the Patel-Bose analysis with Vithal Bhai Patel. They both harshly criticized Gandhi’s leadership in this analysis. Subhash gave Vitthal Bhai Patel a lot of help when he got sick after that. However, Vitthal Bhai Patel passed away rather than surviving.

Subhash received all of Vitthal Bhai Patel’s property in his will. However, his brother Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel rejected this well after his death. Regarding this will, Sardar Patel filed a case with the court. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel donated all of his brother’s property to Gandhi’s Harijan service organization after winning this case.

Subhash was informed in 1934 that his father was nearing death. He flew back to Kolkata via Karachi after hearing the news. He went to Kolkata despite learning that his father had passed away in Karachi itself. The British government detained him as soon as he reached Kolkata, jailed him for several days, and sent him back to Europe.

Love marriage in Austria

In 1934, while Subhash was receiving treatment in Austria, he needed a typist who knew English to write his book. Emilie Schenkl, a woman from Austria, was introduced to him by one of his friends ( An: (Emma Schenkl) Famous veterinarian who was Emily’s father. Subhash and Emily naturally fell in love because of their attraction. Both of them got married in a Hindu ceremony in Bad Gastein in 1942 because Nazi Germany had strict laws. Emily gave birth to a daughter in Vienna. She was barely four weeks old when Subhash first saw her. Anita Bose was her name. Anita was three and a half years old when Subhash passed away in the so-called plane crash in Taiwan in August 1945. Anita has not passed away. She is called Anita Bose Pfaff. Anita Faf occasionally visits India to meet her father’s relatives.

Presidentship of Haripura Congress

In 1938, it was decided that Haripura would be the location of the annual Congress session. Gandhiji selected Subhash as Congress President prior to this session. The Congress held its 51st session at this time. That’s why 51 oxen drove a chariot to welcome Congress President Subhash Chandra Bose.

In this session, Subhash’s presidential speech was very effective. Nobody in Indian politics has ever delivered a speech that powerful. Subhash established the Planning Commission while he was president. It appointed Jawaharlal Nehru as its first president. Subhash also set up a science council in Bangalore with Sir Visvesvaraya, a well-known scientist, as its chairman.

China was invaded by Japan in 1937. Congress made the decision to send a medical team to assist the Chinese people under Dr. Dwarkanath Kotnis’ leadership while Subhash was in charge. When Subhash collaborated with Japan in India’s struggle for freedom later, numerous individuals began to label him as a fascist and a puppet of Japan. However, this incident demonstrates that neither Subhash was a puppet of Japan nor did he support fascist ideology.

Resignation from the post of Congress President

Gandhiji had chosen Subhash for Congress President in 1938, but he disliked Subhash’s method. Europe had been engulfed by war clouds at this point. Subhash desired to intensify India’s struggle for freedom by taking advantage of England’s difficulties. During his time as president, he had also begun taking steps in this direction, but Gandhi disagreed with them.

When it came time to elect a new Congress President in 1939, Subhash wanted a person who would not give in to any pressure on this issue to be appointed. Subhash chose to be the Congress President because no one else was volunteering. However, Gandhi desired to remove him from office. Pattabhi Sitaramaiya was Gandhi’s choice for president. In a letter to Gandhi, poet Rabindranath Thakur requested that Subhash be made president. Meghnad Saha and Prafulla Chandra Rai, two scientists, also desired Subhash to be elected president once more. However, Gandhiji did not pay any attention to anyone in this matter. After a period of time, he was elected president after reaching an agreement with Congress.

Everyone believed that Pattabhi Sitaramaiya would easily win the election if Mahatma Gandhi supported him. However, Subhash actually won the election with 1580 votes, while Sitaramaiah won with 1377 votes. Despite Gandhiji’s opposition, Subhashbabu prevailed in the election with 203 votes to one. However, the outcome of the election was not the end of the matter. Gandhiji told his colleagues that they could leave the Congress if they did not agree with Subhash’s strategies, describing Pattabhi Sitaramayya’s defeat as his own. 12 of the 14 members of the Congress Working Committee resigned as a result. Sharadbabu alone supported Subhash, and Jawaharlal Nehru remained neutral.

Tripuri hosted the annual Congress session in 1939. Subhash Babu was so ill with a high fever at the time of this convention that he had to be carried to it on a stretcher. Subhash was not supported by Gandhiji’s coworkers, and Gandhiji was absent from this session. Subhash tried hard to find a compromise after the convention, but Gandhiji and his friends rejected him. Subhash was unable to perform any tasks as a result of the situation. On April 29, 1939, Subhash resigned as Congress President because he had grown weary.

Establishment of Forward Bloc 

Subhash established the Forward Bloc, his own Congress party, on May 3, 1939. Subhash was kicked out of Congress itself after a few days. Later, Forward Bloc became its own independent political party. The Forward Bloc began raising public awareness of the freedom struggle long before the outbreak of the Second World War.

Subhash was informed of the outbreak of war between Britain and Germany on September 3, 1939, in Madras. He stated that India should intensify the campaign for its liberation now that it has a golden opportunity. Subhash was invited as a special invitee to the Congress Working Committee on September 8, 1939, to determine the party’s stance on the war. He also reiterated his belief that the Forward Bloc would start a war against the British Raj on its own if Congress was unable to complete this task.

Subhash’s youth brigade tore down the Halvet pillar in Calcutta, a symbol of India’s slavery, in an instant in July of the following year. Volunteers from Subhash removed every foundational brick. It was a start that was symbolic. By doing this, Subhash conveyed the message that, just as he had demolished this pillar to dust, he would smash the British Empire one brick at a time.

As a result, Subhash and all of the Forward Bloc’s main leaders were detained by the British government. During the Second World War, Subhash did not want to remain inactive in jail. Subhash began a fast until death in jail in order to compel the government to release him. He was freed by the government as soon as his condition got worse. However, the British government was also opposed to Subhash’s freedom during the war. Because of this, the government placed a strict police guard outside his home and placed him under house arrest there.

Escape from detention

Subhash devised a strategy to escape detention. He sneaked out of his house on January 16 under the guise of Mohammad Ziauddin, a Pathan, to avoid the police. Shishir, Sharadbabu’s older son, drove him to the Dhanbad district (Gomoh) of the state of Jharkhand, far from Kolkata. From Gomoh Railway Station, which is now Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Junction, he took the Frontier Mail to Peshawar. He met Miyan Akbar Shah, a Forward Bloc collaborator, in Peshawar. He met Bhagat Ram Talwar of the Kirti Kisan Party through Miyan Akbar Shah. Subhash and Bhagatram Talwar set out from Peshawar toward Kabul, Afghanistan’s capital. Subhash became Pathan’s deaf and dumb uncle during this journey and was given the name Bhagatram Talwar Rahmat Khan. He walked through the hills to finish this journey.

Subhash spent two months in the home of an Indian businessman named Uttamchand Malhotra in Kabul. He first attempted to enter the Russian Embassy there. He tried to enter the German and Italian embassies but was unsuccessful. He succeeded in reaching the Italian Embassy. He was assisted by the Italian and German embassies. Subhash finally left Kabul, impersonating Orlando Magzonta, an Italian, and traveled through Moscow, the capital of Russia, to Berlin, the capital of Germany.

Staying in Germany and meeting Hitler

Subhash first met other German leaders like Riben Tropp in Berlin. In Germany, he founded Azad Hind Radio and the Indian Independence Organization. Subhash came to be known as Netaji during this time. Subhash became close friends with the German minister Adam von Trott.

Subhash finally met Adolf Hitler, Germany’s supreme leader, on May 29, 1942. However, India did not particularly pique Hitler’s interest. He did not explicitly promise to assist Subhash.

Hitler published an autobiography titled Mein Kampf many years ago. He criticized India and the Indian people in this book. Regarding this topic, Subhash expressed his displeasure with Hitler. Hitler offered an apology for what he had done and promised to get rid of the line in the next edition of Mein Kampf.

Subhash finally realized that Hitler and Germany would not give him anything. As a result, on March 8, 1943, he and his companion Abid Hasan Safrani boarded a German submarine in the Kiel port of Germany and set sail for East Asia. They were transported to Madagascar’s shores in the Indian Ocean by that German submarine. They reached the Japanese submarine by swimming through the water there. This was the only time submarines from two nations exchanged citizens during World War II. They were transported to the Indonesian port of Padang by this Japanese submarine.

Campaign in East Asia

Subhash initially succeeded veteran revolutionary Rasbihari Bose as leader of the Indian Independence Council after reaching East Asia. Rasbihari voluntarily ceded the Freedom Council’s leadership to Subhash in Singapore’s Edward Park.

General Hideki Tojo, impressed by Netaji’s persona as Japan’s Prime Minister promised to work with him. After a number of days, Netaji addressed the Japanese Parliament (Diet).

Subhash Chandra Bose in Tokyo in 1943 Netaji established the Interim Government of Independent India on October 21, 1943, in Singapore. He took on the roles of war minister, prime minister, and president of this government. This government was recognized by nine nations in total. Additionally, Netaji rose to become Azad Hind Fauj’s, Chief Commander.

The Indian prisoners of war who had been captured by the British army were used by the Japanese army in the Azad Hind Fauj. In Azad Hind Fauj, the Rani of the Jhansi Regiment was also established for women.

In numerous speeches throughout East Asia, Netaji urged permanent Indian residents to join Azad Hind Fauj and contribute financially. In his call, he also conveyed the following message: “You give me blood, I will give you freedom.”

The Azad Hind Fauj launched an attack against the Indian colonial government during World War II with the assistance of the Japanese army. “Dilli Chalo” was Netaji’s campaign slogan to motivate his army. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands were taken from the British by both armies. Arji-Hukumate-Azad-Hind ought to maintain control over this island. These islands were renamed “Shaheed Dweep” and “Swaraj Dweep” by Netaji. Together, the two forces attacked Kohima and Imphal. However, as the British gained the upper hand later, both armies were forced to retreat.

The Japanese army planned Netaji’s escape while the Azad Hind Fauj was retreating. However, Netaji preferred to travel hundreds of miles with the Rani of Jhansi Regiment’s female soldiers. As a result, Netaji offered a model of genuine leadership.

On July 6, 1944, Netaji gave a speech on Azad Hind Radio to Gandhiji in which he explained why he wanted to get help from Japan and why he wanted to start Arji-Hukumate-Azad-Hind and Azad Hind Fauj. Gandhiji later referred to Netaji as “Netaji” after Netaji referred to Gandhiji as the “father of the nation” during this speech.

Accident and death news

Netaji had to take a new path after Japan’s defeat in World War II. He had made the decision to ask Russia for help. On August 18, 1945, Netaji was flying toward Manchuria. During this trip, he vanished. He was never seen again after that day. On August 23, 1945, Tokyo radio reported that a large bomber that had crashed near Taihoku was carrying Netaji to Saigon (Japanese: Taihoku Teikoku Daigaku) on August 18 at the airport. The pilot, the Japanese general Shodai, and a few others in the plane with him died. Netaji suffered severe burns. He was transported to Taihoku Military Hospital, where he passed away as a result of his injuries. Colonel Habibur Rahman claims that his final rites were carried out in Taihoku itself. His ashes were collected in the middle of September and placed in the Rankoji Temple in Tokyo, Japan’s capital. National Archives of India According to the document obtained from Netaji, Netaji passed away in the military hospital at Taihoku on August 18, 1945, at 21:00. Following India’s independence, the government set up commissions to look into this incident twice, in 1956 and 1977. Both times, the plane crash itself resulted in Netaji’s death as a martyr.

The third commission was established in 1999 under Manoj Kumar Mukherjee’s direction. The Mukherjee Commission was informed in 2005 by the Taiwan government that no airplane had ever crashed on Taiwanese soil in 1945. In its report to the Indian government in 2005, the Mukherjee Commission stated that there was no evidence that Netaji died in the plane crash. However, the Mukherjee Commission’s report was rejected by the Indian government.

The most significant unsolved mystery in Indian history revolves around the location where Netaji vanished on August 18, 1945, as well as the events that followed. There are still a lot of people who say they saw Netaji and met him in different parts of the country. Numerous assertions regarding Netaji’s presence have been made, but the veracity of all of them is in question, ranging from Gumnami Baba in the city of Faizabad to District Raigarh in the state of Chhattisgarh. The question of Subhash Chandra Bose’s existence was brought before the state government in Chhattisgarh. However, the case was closed by the state government because it was deemed unworthy of intervention.

Constitution of special bench for hearing

A special bench has been set up by the Calcutta High Court to hear the request for declassification of Netaji’s disappearance-related intelligence documents. India’s Smile, a government organization, has submitted the petition. Respondents in the petition include but are not limited to, the Union of India, the National Advisory Council, RAW, the Intelligence Department, the Private Secretary to the Prime Minister, the Defense Secretary, the Home Department, and the Government of West Bengal. 

Netaji’s influence on India’s independence

Everything changed when Hiroshima and Nagasaki were destroyed. For four to five years following its surrender, Japan continued to complain to the United States. Because of this, the exciting story of Netaji and Azad Hind Sena languished for years in the Tokyo archives.

The Azad Hind Fauj trial in Delhi’s Red Fort in November 1945 brought Netaji to the height of his popularity and unimaginable fame. Despite the official British propaganda and opposition to Subhash from the major political parties at the time, mothers took pride in giving their sons the name “Subhash” after the trial that shook the nation. In addition, Netaji’s image began to appear on the walls of Rana Pratap and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s homes.

Although Netaji’s Azad Hind Fauj’s effort to free India from British control was ultimately unsuccessful, it had a significant impact. This is illustrated by the 1946 naval mutiny. The British finally came to the conclusion that India could no longer be ruled by the Indian Army and that they had no choice but to liberate the country after the Naval Mutiny.

There is no comparable instance in world history, with the exception of Azad Hind Fauj, where thirty-five thousand prisoners of war organized such a vigorous struggle for their nation’s freedom.

After independence, the native rulers were afraid of Netaji’s indelible influence on the public mind, whereas, before independence, the foreign rulers were afraid of Netaji’s power. After the country gained independence, Swatantryaveer Savarkar held a conference of revolutionaries and installed Netaji’s oil painting on the chairman’s chair. This was a first-of-its-kind salute extended by one revolutionary hero to another.

Writing (and oral) work and publications 

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose had a natural interest in writing despite his difficult and hectic life. In addition to his incomplete autobiography, Ek Bharatiya Yatri (An Indian Pilgrim), he wrote The Indian Struggle, which was first published in London and was split into two parts. This book gained a lot of popularity. Even though his autobiography was not finished, he wanted to finish it, as the plan on the first page of the original manuscript makes clear. In addition, Netaji engaged in a multifaceted freedom struggle, which included numerous letters, speeches, and radio broadcasts of his lectures. His personal life is also addressed in a significant number of letters.

Netaji Complete Literature

Dr. Sisir Kumar Bose, who was Netaji’s complete confidant and close associate from December 1940 till his last time, established Netaji Research Bureau and started the huge work of publication of Netaji’s ‘Comprehensive Literature’ mainly in collaboration with Vinod C. Chaudhary in 1961 AD. And in 1980, the work of publishing the collected works in 12 volumes started. The initial plan was to publish ‘Samagra Sahitya’ in 10 volumes, but later this plan became 12 volumes. Its first volume was first published in Bengali in April 1980 and in English in November 1980. Its first volume in Hindi was published in 1982 and then the entire literature continued to be published in these three languages. Its last (12th) volume was published in 2011; Although its material was already prepared. Sugata Bose was also associated with the compilation and publication of this ‘Samagra Vangmay’ from the very beginning and the last two volumes were published mainly under the editing of Sugata Bose only due to the sad demise of Dr. Shishir Kumar Bose.

In the first volume of this ‘Samagra Vangmaya’ some letters have been published along with his ‘autobiography‘ and in the second volume his famous book ‘Bharat Ka Sangharsh’ (The Indian Struggle) has been published. Then, in other sections, the letters, comments, and speeches written by him, etc. have been systematically published in the entire available literature. In this way, Netaji’s written and oral ‘comprehensive literature’ has become accessible for study as far as possible and it is also an age-old necessity that in the context of Netaji, like Mahatma Gandhi, the opinion should be formed on the basis of many out-of-context statements and incomplete information. Instead, accurate and authentic opinions should be formed by looking at the appropriate issue in its appropriate and appropriate context. He was very simple.

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